The post-Cold War era has seen transformation in the concept of sovereignty and collective security. The start of the twenty-first century has seen great emphasis being placed on human security and a responsibility to protect. Governments have a responsibility to their peoples to ensure improvement in the material conditions for all, while the international community has a responsibility to protect the vulnerable when the state either cannot or will not protect them. Consequently, Human Security and the Responsibility to Protect have presented challenges to authoritarian regimes to be accountable to the international community if they won?t be responsible to and for their own peoples. The international community has, meanwhile, reserved a right to intervene based on a Responsibility to Protect, enshrined in the adoption by the United Nations General Assembly of the World Summit Outcome in 2005. Human Security has, in a sense, become the imperative intended to prevent intervention in the sovereign state.