Characterization and the state variable estimation of a carbon foam lead acid rechargeable battery

Abstract

The composite plate material of the carbon foam electrode battery is lighter, longer living, and has higher active material utilization than current lead acid systems. It is also one of the few lead-acid batteries that can operate for extended time in partial-states-of-charge. The battery includes carbon-foam electrodes for the negative plates, which gives it a performance that is comparable to NiMH but at lower manufacturing costs. In the work, a carbon foam electrode battery is characterized. With an equivalent, a linear system can be used to estimate the state variables in the model.